Burnout and its consequences among forensic personnel. Relationship with shame and guilt
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24265/liberabit.2023.v29n1.641Keywords:
síndrome de quemarse por el trabajo; personal forense; culpa; vergüenza.Abstract
Background: The work of forensic personnel is a source of daily exposure to very stressful situations and may be the origin of burnout. Objectives: The objective of the study was to analyze the prevalence of burnout and its consequences in a sample of 79 workers from the Institute of Legal Medicine (IML) of Valencia (Spain). Method: For the collection of information, the "Spanish Burnout Inventory” (SBI) was applied, and questionnaires to evaluate its consequences (disorders of health and job satisfaction), as well as scales to measure levels of guilt and shame. Results: It was found that IML staff have a moderate risk of professional burnout, with the psychic exhaustion variable being the one that most strongly predicts health consequences. In reference to the role of emotions in Burnout, the highest prevalence were found for guilt and shame, being associated with the appearance of health problems. Conclusions: The IML staff requires work plans and programs that take into account their high level of demand, in order to avoid the appearance of burnout.
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References
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Almazrouei, M. A., Morgan, R. M., & Dror, I. E. (2021). Stress and Support in the Workplace: The Perspective of Forensic Examiners. Forensic Science International: Mind and Law, 2, 100059. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsiml.2021.100059
Altun, I. (2002). Burnout and Nurses’ Personal and Professional Values. Nursing Ethics, 9(3), 269-278. https://doi.org/10.1191/0969733002ne509oa
Armon, G., Melamed, S., Shirom, A., & Shapira, I. (2010). Elevated Burnout Predicts the Onset of Musculoskeletal Pain Among Apparently Healthy Employees. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 15(4), 399. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0020726
Barr, P. (2020). Burnout in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Nurses: Relationships with Moral Distress, Adult Attachment Insecurities, and Proneness to Guilt and Shame. Journal of Perinatal Medicine, 48(4), 416-422. https://doi.org/10.1515/jpm-2019-0323
Basinska, B. A., & Dåderman, A. M. (2019). Work Values of Police Officers and Their Relationship with Job Burnout and Work Engagement. Frontiers in psychology, 10, 442. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00442
Burisch, M. (2002). A Longitudinal Study of Burnout: The Relative Importance of Dispositions and Experiences. Work & Stress, 16(1), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678370110112506
Byng, S., Cairns, D., & Duchan, J. (2002). Values in Practice and Practising Values. Journal of Communication Disorders, 35(2), 89-106. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9924(02)00059-X
Cebrià, J., Palma, C., Ferrer, M., & Gutiérrez, I. (2004). El burnout es, probablemente también, una cuestión de valores, Jano, LXVI(1504), 56-57
Cohen, T. R., Panter, A. T., & Turan, N. (2013). Predicting Counterproductive Work Behavior from Guilt Proneness. Journal of Business Ethics, 114(1), 45-53. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-012-1326-2
Doest, L. T., Maes, S., Gebhardt, W. A., & Koelewijn, H. (2006). Personal Goal Facilitation Through Work: Implications for Employee Satisfaction and Well‐Being. Applied Psychology, 55(2), 192-219. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.2006.00232.x
Elliott, K. A., & Daley, D. (2013). Stress, Coping, and Psychological Well‐Being Among Forensic Health Care Professionals. Legal and Criminological Psychology, 18(2), 187-204. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8333.2012.02045.x
Feinberg, M., Ford, B. Q., & Flynn, F. J. (2020). Rethinking Reappraisal: The Double-Edged Sword of Regulating Negative Emotions in the Workplace. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 161, 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.obhdp.2020.03.005
Flynn, F. J., & Schaumberg, R. L. (2012). When Feeling Bad Leads to Feeling Good: Guilt-Proneness and Affective Organizational Commitment. Journal of Applied Psychology, 97(1), 124-133. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0024166
Gil-Monte, P. R. (2005). El síndrome de quemarse por el trabajo (burnout). Una enfermedad laboral en la sociedad del bienestar. Ediciones Pirámide.
Gil-Monte, P. R. (2011). CESQT Cuestionario para la Evaluación del Síndrome de Quemarse por el Trabajo. TEA Ediciones.
Gil-Monte, P. R. (2012). The Influence of Guilt on the Relationship Between Burnout and Depression. European Psychologist, 17(3), 231. https://doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040/a000096
Gil-Monte, P. R., López-Vílchez, J., Llorca-Rubio, J. L., & Sánchez, J. (2016). Prevalencia de riesgos psicosociales en personal de la administración de justicia de la Comunidad Valenciana (España). Liberabit, 22(1), 7-19
Hakanen, J. J., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2012). Do Burnout and Work Engagement Predict Depressive Symptoms and Life Satisfaction? A Three-Wave Seven-Year Prospective Study. Journal of affective disorders, 141(2-3), 415-424. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2012.02.043
Harder, D. W., Rockart, L., & Cutler, L. (1993). Additional Validity Evidence for the Harder Personal Feelings Questionnaire‐2 (PFQ2): A Measure of Shame and Guilt Proneness. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 49(3), 345-348. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-4679(199305)49:3<345::AID-JCLP2270490307>3.0.CO;2-Y
Iacovides, A., Fountoulakis, K. N., Kaprinis, S., & Kaprinis, G. (2003). The Relationship Between Job Stress, Burnout and Clinical Depression. Journal of affective disorders, 75(3), 209-221. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-0327(02)00101-5
Jeanguenat, A. M., & Dror, I. E. (2018). Human Factors Effecting Forensic Decision Making: Workplace Stress and Well‐Being. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 63(1), 258-261. https://doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.13533
Kalliath, T., & Morris, R. (2002). Job Satisfaction Among Nurses: A Predictor of Burnout Levels. JONA: The Journal of Nursing Administration, 32(12), 648-654. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005110-200212000-00010
Karimi, M. N., & Fallah, N. (2021). Academic Burnout, Shame, Intrinsic Motivation and Teacher Affective Support among Iranian EFL Learners: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach. Current Psychology, 40(4), 2026-2037. https://doi.org/10.1007/S12144-019-0138-2
Kelty, S. F., & Gordon, H. (2015). No Burnout at this Coal-Face: Managing Occupational Stress in Forensic Personnel and the Implications for Forensic and Criminal Justice Agencies. Psychiatry, Psychology and Law, 22(2), 273-290. https://doi.org/10.1080/13218719.2014.941092
Kömür, I., Ozdemirel, R. O., Ozver, I., Baspinar, B., Demir, M., Gönen, F., Kandemir, E., & Emul, M. (2017). Posttraumatic Stress and Burnout Symptoms in Forensic Doctors and Staff in a Mortuary. The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology, 38(3), 184-188. https://doi.org/10.1097/paf.0000000000000329
Kriakous, S, Elliott, K., & Owen, R. (2019). Coping, Mindfulness, Stress, and Burnout among Forensic Health Care Professionals. Journal of Forensic Psychology Research and Practice, 19(2), 128-146. https://doi.org/10.1080/24732850.2018.1556545
Lee, H., Hwang, S., Kim, J., & Daly, B. (2004). Predictors of Life Satisfaction of Korean Nurses. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 48(6), 632-641. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2004.03251.x
Lim, M., & Yang, Y. (2015). Effects of Users’ Envy and Shame on Social Comparison that Occurs on Social Network Services. Computers in Human Behavior, 51, 300-311. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.05.013
Maslach, C., & Leiter, M.P. (2016), Understanding the Burnout Experience: Recent Research and its Implications for Psychiatry. World Psychiatry, 15(2), 103-111. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20311
McMains, K. C., Peel, J., Weitzel, E. K., Der-Torossian, H., & Couch, M. (2015). Perception of Shame in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Training. Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 153(5), 786-790. https://doi.org/10.1177/0194599815598288
Michinov, N. (2005). Social Comparison, Perceived Control, and Occupational Burnout. Applied Psychology, 54(1), 99-118. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.2005.00198.x
Moldvik, I., Ståhl, C., & Müssener, U. (2021). Work Ethics and Societal Norms Influence Sick Leave and Return to Work: Tales of Transformation. Disability and Rehabilitation, 43(21), 3031-3040. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638288.2020.1728398
Peterson, U., Demerouti, E., Bergstro, G., Samuelsson, M., & Marie, A. (2008). Burnout and Physical and Mental Health Among Swedish Healthcare Workers. Advanced Nursing, 62(1), 84-95. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2007.04580.x
Pineles, S. L., Street, A. E., & Koenen, K. C. (2006). The Differential Relationships of Shame-Proneness and Guilt-Proneness to Psychological and Somatization Symptoms. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 25(6), 688. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2006.25.6.688
Rice, K. G., & Liu, Y. (2020). Perfectionism and Burnout in R&D Teams. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 67(3), 303-314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/cou0000402
Salgado, J. F. (2005). Personalidad y deseabilidad social en contextos organizacionales: implicaciones para la práctica de la psicología del trabajo y las organizaciones. Papeles del Psicólogo, 26(92), 115-128. http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=77809207
Schult, T. M., Mohr, D. C., & Osatuke, K. (2018). Examining Burnout Profiles in Relation to Health and Well‐Being in the Veterans Health Administration Employee Population. Stress and Health, 34(4), 490-499. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.2809
Sehsah, R., Gaballah, M. H., El-Gilany, A. H., & Albadry, A. A. (2021). Work Burnout and Coping Strategies among Egyptian Forensic Physicians: A National Study. Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences, 11(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41935-021-00230-w
Severinsson, E. (2003). Moral Stress and Burnout: Qualitative Content Analysis. Nursing & Health Sciences, 5(1), 59-66. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1442-2018.2003.00135.x
Shaha, K. K., Patra, A. P., Das, S., Sukumar, S., & Mohanty, M. K. (2013). Awareness of Risks, Hazards and Preventions in Autopsy Practice: A Review. Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2(22), 4030-4041. https://doi.org/10.14260/JEMDS/797
Sharma, B. R., & Reader, M. D. (2005). Autopsy Room: A Potential Source of Infection at Workplace in Developing Countries. American Journal Infectious DiseasesAm J Infect Dis, 1(1), 25-33.
Skaalvik, E. M., & Skaalvik, S. (2010). Teacher Self-Efficacy and Teacher Burnout: A Study of Relations. Teaching and Teacher Education, 26(4), 1059-1069. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2009.11.001
Tangney, J. P., & Dearing, R. L. (2003). Shame and Guilt. Guilford Press.
Toker, S., Melamed, S., Berliner, S., Zeltser, D., & Shapira, I. (2012). Burnout and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease: A Prospective Study of 8838 Employees. Psychosomatic Medicine, 74(8), 840-847. https://doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0b013e31826c3174
Van der Ploeg, E., Dorresteijn, S. M., & Kleber, R. J. (2003). Critical Incidents and Chronic Stressors at Work: Their Impact on Forensic Doctors. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 8(2), 157-166. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8998.8.2.157
Viljoen, M., & Claassen, N. (2017). Cynicism as Subscale of Burnout. Work, 56(4), 499-503. https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-172518
Wang, H., Jin, Y., Wang, D., Zhao, S., Sang, X., & Yuan, B. (2020). Job Satisfaction, Burnout, and Turnover Intention among Primary Care Providers in Rural China: Results from Structural Equation Modeling. BMC Family Practice, 21(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-020-1083-8
West, C. P., Dyrbye, L. N., & Shanafelt, T. D. (2018). Physician Burnout: Contributors, Consequences and Solutions. Journal of internal medicine, 283(6), 516-529. https://doi.org/10.1111/joim.12752
World Medical Association. (2013). Declaration of Helsinki: Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects. Journal of the American Medical Association, 310(20), 2191-2194. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2013.281053
Zhao, J., Li, X., Xiao, H., Cui, N., Sun, L., & Xu, Y. (2019). Mindfulness and Burnout among Bedside Registered Nurses: A Cross‐Sectional Study. Nursing & Health Sciences, 21(1), 126-131. https://doi.org/10.1111/nhs.12582
Alimoglu, M. K., & Donmez, L. (2005). Daylight Exposure and the Other Predictors of Burnout Among Nurses in a University Hospital. International journal of Nursing Studies, 42(5), 549-555. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2004.09.001
Almazrouei, M. A., Morgan, R. M., & Dror, I. E. (2021). Stress and Support in the Workplace: The Perspective of Forensic Examiners. Forensic Science International: Mind and Law, 2, 100059. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsiml.2021.100059
Altun, I. (2002). Burnout and Nurses’ Personal and Professional Values. Nursing Ethics, 9(3), 269-278. https://doi.org/10.1191/0969733002ne509oa
Armon, G., Melamed, S., Shirom, A., & Shapira, I. (2010). Elevated Burnout Predicts the Onset of Musculoskeletal Pain Among Apparently Healthy Employees. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 15(4), 399. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0020726
Barr, P. (2020). Burnout in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Nurses: Relationships with Moral Distress, Adult Attachment Insecurities, and Proneness to Guilt and Shame. Journal of Perinatal Medicine, 48(4), 416-422. https://doi.org/10.1515/jpm-2019-0323
Basinska, B. A., & Dåderman, A. M. (2019). Work Values of Police Officers and Their Relationship with Job Burnout and Work Engagement. Frontiers in psychology, 10, 442. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00442
Burisch, M. (2002). A Longitudinal Study of Burnout: The Relative Importance of Dispositions and Experiences. Work & Stress, 16(1), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678370110112506
Byng, S., Cairns, D., & Duchan, J. (2002). Values in Practice and Practising Values. Journal of Communication Disorders, 35(2), 89-106. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9924(02)00059-X
Cebrià, J., Palma, C., Ferrer, M., & Gutiérrez, I. (2004). El burnout es, probablemente también, una cuestión de valores, Jano, LXVI(1504), 56-57
Cohen, T. R., Panter, A. T., & Turan, N. (2013). Predicting Counterproductive Work Behavior from Guilt Proneness. Journal of Business Ethics, 114(1), 45-53. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-012-1326-2
Doest, L. T., Maes, S., Gebhardt, W. A., & Koelewijn, H. (2006). Personal Goal Facilitation Through Work: Implications for Employee Satisfaction and Well‐Being. Applied Psychology, 55(2), 192-219. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.2006.00232.x
Elliott, K. A., & Daley, D. (2013). Stress, Coping, and Psychological Well‐Being Among Forensic Health Care Professionals. Legal and Criminological Psychology, 18(2), 187-204. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8333.2012.02045.x
Feinberg, M., Ford, B. Q., & Flynn, F. J. (2020). Rethinking Reappraisal: The Double-Edged Sword of Regulating Negative Emotions in the Workplace. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 161, 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.obhdp.2020.03.005
Flynn, F. J., & Schaumberg, R. L. (2012). When Feeling Bad Leads to Feeling Good: Guilt-Proneness and Affective Organizational Commitment. Journal of Applied Psychology, 97(1), 124-133. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0024166
Gil-Monte, P. R. (2005). El síndrome de quemarse por el trabajo (burnout). Una enfermedad laboral en la sociedad del bienestar. Ediciones Pirámide.
Gil-Monte, P. R. (2011). CESQT Cuestionario para la Evaluación del Síndrome de Quemarse por el Trabajo. TEA Ediciones.
Gil-Monte, P. R. (2012). The Influence of Guilt on the Relationship Between Burnout and Depression. European Psychologist, 17(3), 231. https://doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040/a000096
Gil-Monte, P. R., López-Vílchez, J., Llorca-Rubio, J. L., & Sánchez, J. (2016). Prevalencia de riesgos psicosociales en personal de la administración de justicia de la Comunidad Valenciana (España). Liberabit, 22(1), 7-19
Hakanen, J. J., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2012). Do Burnout and Work Engagement Predict Depressive Symptoms and Life Satisfaction? A Three-Wave Seven-Year Prospective Study. Journal of affective disorders, 141(2-3), 415-424. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2012.02.043
Harder, D. W., Rockart, L., & Cutler, L. (1993). Additional Validity Evidence for the Harder Personal Feelings Questionnaire‐2 (PFQ2): A Measure of Shame and Guilt Proneness. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 49(3), 345-348. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-4679(199305)49:3<345::AID-JCLP2270490307>3.0.CO;2-Y
Iacovides, A., Fountoulakis, K. N., Kaprinis, S., & Kaprinis, G. (2003). The Relationship Between Job Stress, Burnout and Clinical Depression. Journal of affective disorders, 75(3), 209-221. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-0327(02)00101-5
Jeanguenat, A. M., & Dror, I. E. (2018). Human Factors Effecting Forensic Decision Making: Workplace Stress and Well‐Being. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 63(1), 258-261. https://doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.13533
Kalliath, T., & Morris, R. (2002). Job Satisfaction Among Nurses: A Predictor of Burnout Levels. JONA: The Journal of Nursing Administration, 32(12), 648-654. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005110-200212000-00010
Karimi, M. N., & Fallah, N. (2021). Academic Burnout, Shame, Intrinsic Motivation and Teacher Affective Support among Iranian EFL Learners: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach. Current Psychology, 40(4), 2026-2037. https://doi.org/10.1007/S12144-019-0138-2
Kelty, S. F., & Gordon, H. (2015). No Burnout at this Coal-Face: Managing Occupational Stress in Forensic Personnel and the Implications for Forensic and Criminal Justice Agencies. Psychiatry, Psychology and Law, 22(2), 273-290. https://doi.org/10.1080/13218719.2014.941092
Kömür, I., Ozdemirel, R. O., Ozver, I., Baspinar, B., Demir, M., Gönen, F., Kandemir, E., & Emul, M. (2017). Posttraumatic Stress and Burnout Symptoms in Forensic Doctors and Staff in a Mortuary. The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology, 38(3), 184-188. https://doi.org/10.1097/paf.0000000000000329
Kriakous, S, Elliott, K., & Owen, R. (2019). Coping, Mindfulness, Stress, and Burnout among Forensic Health Care Professionals. Journal of Forensic Psychology Research and Practice, 19(2), 128-146. https://doi.org/10.1080/24732850.2018.1556545
Lee, H., Hwang, S., Kim, J., & Daly, B. (2004). Predictors of Life Satisfaction of Korean Nurses. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 48(6), 632-641. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2004.03251.x
Lim, M., & Yang, Y. (2015). Effects of Users’ Envy and Shame on Social Comparison that Occurs on Social Network Services. Computers in Human Behavior, 51, 300-311. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.05.013
Maslach, C., & Leiter, M.P. (2016), Understanding the Burnout Experience: Recent Research and its Implications for Psychiatry. World Psychiatry, 15(2), 103-111. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20311
McMains, K. C., Peel, J., Weitzel, E. K., Der-Torossian, H., & Couch, M. (2015). Perception of Shame in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Training. Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 153(5), 786-790. https://doi.org/10.1177/0194599815598288
Michinov, N. (2005). Social Comparison, Perceived Control, and Occupational Burnout. Applied Psychology, 54(1), 99-118. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.2005.00198.x
Moldvik, I., Ståhl, C., & Müssener, U. (2021). Work Ethics and Societal Norms Influence Sick Leave and Return to Work: Tales of Transformation. Disability and Rehabilitation, 43(21), 3031-3040. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638288.2020.1728398
Peterson, U., Demerouti, E., Bergstro, G., Samuelsson, M., & Marie, A. (2008). Burnout and Physical and Mental Health Among Swedish Healthcare Workers. Advanced Nursing, 62(1), 84-95. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2007.04580.x
Pineles, S. L., Street, A. E., & Koenen, K. C. (2006). The Differential Relationships of Shame-Proneness and Guilt-Proneness to Psychological and Somatization Symptoms. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 25(6), 688. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2006.25.6.688
Rice, K. G., & Liu, Y. (2020). Perfectionism and Burnout in R&D Teams. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 67(3), 303-314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/cou0000402
Salgado, J. F. (2005). Personalidad y deseabilidad social en contextos organizacionales: implicaciones para la práctica de la psicología del trabajo y las organizaciones. Papeles del Psicólogo, 26(92), 115-128. http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=77809207
Schult, T. M., Mohr, D. C., & Osatuke, K. (2018). Examining Burnout Profiles in Relation to Health and Well‐Being in the Veterans Health Administration Employee Population. Stress and Health, 34(4), 490-499. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.2809
Sehsah, R., Gaballah, M. H., El-Gilany, A. H., & Albadry, A. A. (2021). Work Burnout and Coping Strategies among Egyptian Forensic Physicians: A National Study. Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences, 11(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41935-021-00230-w
Severinsson, E. (2003). Moral Stress and Burnout: Qualitative Content Analysis. Nursing & Health Sciences, 5(1), 59-66. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1442-2018.2003.00135.x
Shaha, K. K., Patra, A. P., Das, S., Sukumar, S., & Mohanty, M. K. (2013). Awareness of Risks, Hazards and Preventions in Autopsy Practice: A Review. Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2(22), 4030-4041. https://doi.org/10.14260/JEMDS/797
Sharma, B. R., & Reader, M. D. (2005). Autopsy Room: A Potential Source of Infection at Workplace in Developing Countries. American Journal Infectious DiseasesAm J Infect Dis, 1(1), 25-33.
Skaalvik, E. M., & Skaalvik, S. (2010). Teacher Self-Efficacy and Teacher Burnout: A Study of Relations. Teaching and Teacher Education, 26(4), 1059-1069. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2009.11.001
Tangney, J. P., & Dearing, R. L. (2003). Shame and Guilt. Guilford Press.
Toker, S., Melamed, S., Berliner, S., Zeltser, D., & Shapira, I. (2012). Burnout and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease: A Prospective Study of 8838 Employees. Psychosomatic Medicine, 74(8), 840-847. https://doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0b013e31826c3174
Van der Ploeg, E., Dorresteijn, S. M., & Kleber, R. J. (2003). Critical Incidents and Chronic Stressors at Work: Their Impact on Forensic Doctors. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 8(2), 157-166. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8998.8.2.157
Viljoen, M., & Claassen, N. (2017). Cynicism as Subscale of Burnout. Work, 56(4), 499-503. https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-172518
Wang, H., Jin, Y., Wang, D., Zhao, S., Sang, X., & Yuan, B. (2020). Job Satisfaction, Burnout, and Turnover Intention among Primary Care Providers in Rural China: Results from Structural Equation Modeling. BMC Family Practice, 21(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-020-1083-8
West, C. P., Dyrbye, L. N., & Shanafelt, T. D. (2018). Physician Burnout: Contributors, Consequences and Solutions. Journal of internal medicine, 283(6), 516-529. https://doi.org/10.1111/joim.12752
World Medical Association. (2013). Declaration of Helsinki: Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects. Journal of the American Medical Association, 310(20), 2191-2194. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2013.281053
Zhao, J., Li, X., Xiao, H., Cui, N., Sun, L., & Xu, Y. (2019). Mindfulness and Burnout among Bedside Registered Nurses: A Cross‐Sectional Study. Nursing & Health Sciences, 21(1), 126-131. https://doi.org/10.1111/nhs.12582
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2023-06-30
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How to Cite
Burnout and its consequences among forensic personnel. Relationship with shame and guilt. (2023). LIBERABIT. Revista Peruana De Psicología, 29(1), e641. https://doi.org/10.24265/liberabit.2023.v29n1.641
