Razonamiento mecánico, memoria de trabajo y velocidad de procesamiento

Irene Injoque-Ricle; Jésica Formoso; Alejandra Calero; Guido Caruso; Andrea Álvarez Drexler; Juan Pablo Barreyro

doi:10.24265/liberabit.2019.v25n1.06

Autores

Irene Injoque-Ricle Departamento de Procesos Básicos, Instituto de Investigaciones, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7043-677X
Jésica Formoso Departamento de Procesos Básicos, Instituto de Investigaciones, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3062-4036
Alejandra Calero Departamento de Procesos Básicos, Instituto de Investigaciones, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7197-1320
Guido Caruso Departamento de Procesos Básicos, Instituto de Investigaciones, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8591-6215
Andrea Álvarez Drexler Departamento de Procesos Básicos, Instituto de Investigaciones, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
Juan Pablo Barreyro Departamento de Procesos Básicos, Instituto de Investigaciones, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1606-1049

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24265/liberabit.2019.v25n1.06

Palavras-chave:

raciocínio mecânico, memória de trabalho, memória de curto prazo, velocidade de processamento

Resumo

Antecedentes: O raciocínio mecânico (RM) é a capacidade de identificar os componentes de um sistema e entender como eles interagem para que o sistema funcione. Diferentes sistemas mecânicos, como roda e engrenagem, exigem diferentes tipos de raciocínio. Objetivo: Este trabalho busca analisar a relação do MT e a velocidade de processamento (VP) com o RM. Método: Para este fim, 173 estudantes universitários receberam 30 problemas de RM do teste DAT, o subteste WAIS-III Battery Symbol Search para avaliar VP e as baterias BIMET-V e BIMET-VE para avaliar os componentes verbais. e visuoespacial do MT. Resultados: As análises de regressão mostraram que as variáveis propostas não predizem o desempenho em problemas de engrenagem, enquanto a viso-espacial MT e a VP predizem o desempenho em problemas de roda. Discussão: Os resultados sugerem que os problemas de engrenagem têm uma demanda executiva baixa para poder ser resolvidos de forma fracionada, enquanto os problemas de roda exigem manter na memória todos os componentes que fazem parte do sistema, enquanto exigem maior carga atencional.

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